沼氣發電機組的工作原理主要基于內燃機的燃燒做功過程，通過將沼氣的化學能轉化為機械能，再由發電機將機械能轉化為電能。以下是其核心工作原理：

　　The working principle of biogas generator set is mainly based on the combustion process of internal combustion engine, which converts the chemical energy of biogas into mechanical energy, and then the generator converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The following is its core working principle:

　　燃料供給與混合

　　Fuel supply and mixing

　　沼氣（主要成分是甲烷）與空氣按一定比例混合，形成可燃混合氣。混合氣通過進氣系統進入發動機氣缸。

　　Biogas (mainly composed of methane) is mixed with air in a certain proportion to form a combustible mixture. The mixture enters the engine cylinder through the intake system.

　　壓縮與點火

　　Compression and ignition

　　氣缸內的活塞向上運動，對混合氣進行壓縮，提高混合氣的壓力和溫度。當壓縮到一定程度時，火花塞產生電火花，點燃混合氣。

　　The piston inside the cylinder moves upward, compressing the mixture and increasing its pressure and temperature. When compressed to a certain degree, the spark plug generates an electric spark, igniting the mixture.

　　燃燒與做功

　　Combustion and Work

　　沼氣在氣缸內燃燒，產生高溫高壓氣體，推動活塞向下運動，將化學能轉化為機械能。活塞的往復運動通過連桿和曲軸轉化為旋轉運動。

　　Biogas burns in the cylinder, producing high-temperature and high-pressure gas that drives the piston downward, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy. The reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into rotational motion through the connecting rod and crankshaft.

　　發電與輸出

　　Power generation and output

　　曲軸的旋轉運動帶動發電機的轉子旋轉，根據電磁感應原理，轉子切割磁感線產生電能，通過發電機輸出到電網或供本地使用。

　　The rotational motion of the crankshaft drives the rotor of the generator to rotate. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the rotor cuts magnetic induction lines to generate electrical energy, which is output to the power grid or used locally through the generator.

　　補充說明：

　　Supplementary Notes:

　　單燃料與雙燃料的區別：單燃料沼氣發電機組完全以沼氣為燃料；雙燃料機組則可在沼氣與柴油等液體燃料之間切換，適應沼氣產量波動。

　　The difference between single fuel and dual fuel: single fuel biogas generators are completely fueled by biogas; The dual fuel unit can switch between liquid fuels such as biogas and diesel to adapt to fluctuations in biogas production.

　　關鍵環節：為確保高效燃燒和減少腐蝕，沼氣需先經過脫硫、穩壓等預處理，以去除硫化氫等有害成分。

　　Key link: To ensure efficient combustion and reduce corrosion, biogas needs to undergo pre-treatment such as desulfurization and pressure stabilization to remove harmful components such as hydrogen sulfide.

　　這一過程實現了能源的高效轉化，同時減少了有機廢棄物的排放，具有環保和資源循環利用的雙重意義。

　　This process achieves efficient energy conversion while reducing the emission of organic waste, which has a dual significance of environmental protection and resource recycling.

　　沼氣發電機組空氣濾清器的更換周期需根據實際使用環境和運行時間綜合判斷，一般參考以下標準：

　　The replacement cycle of the air filter for biogas generator sets should be comprehensively judged based on the actual usage environment and operating time, generally referring to the following standards:

　　1.常規更換周期

　　1. Regular replacement cycle

　　在正常環境下，空氣濾清器建議每1000小時更換一次。若機組配備紙質濾芯，可結合空氣濾清器指示管判斷，當指示器全部變紅時需立即更換。

　　Under normal circumstances, it is recommended to replace the air filter every 1000 hours. If the unit is equipped with a paper filter element, it can be judged in conjunction with the air filter indicator tube. When all indicators turn red, they need to be replaced immediately.

　　2.環境因素影響

　　2. Impact of environmental factors

　　· 若運行環境灰塵較大、空氣質量差（如靠近工地、農田等），需縮短更換周期，可能每500-800小時甚至更短時間就需要更換。

　　·If the operating environment has high dust and poor air quality (such as near construction sites, farmland, etc.), the replacement cycle needs to be shortened, and may need to be replaced every 500-800 hours or even shorter.

　　· 若在多沙、多塵區域使用，建議每200-500小時檢查并清理或更換濾芯，防止灰塵進入氣缸造成磨損。

　　·If used in sandy and dusty areas, it is recommended to check and clean or replace the filter element every 200-500 hours to prevent dust from entering the cylinder and causing wear.

　　3.其他判斷依據

　　3. Other judgment criteria

　　· 若發現發動機動力下降、加速不暢、尾氣異常（如冒黑煙），或濾芯表面灰塵厚重、濾紙變黑，即使未到規定時間，也應及時更換。

　　·If the engine power decreases, acceleration is not smooth, exhaust is abnormal (such as black smoke), or the surface dust of the filter element is thick and the filter paper turns black, even if it has not reached the specified time, it should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　· 定期（每50-100小時）清理濾芯表面灰塵，可用軟毛刷或壓縮空氣從內向外吹掃，但若濾芯破損或清潔后仍嚴重影響進氣，需立即更換。注意事項：

　　·Regularly (every 50-100 hours) clean the dust on the surface of the filter element, using a soft bristled brush or compressed air to blow from the inside out. However, if the filter element is damaged or still seriously affects air intake after cleaning, it needs to be replaced immediately. Notes:

　　· 更換時務必使用原廠或適配的濾芯，確保密封性和過濾效果。

　　·When replacing, be sure to use the original or compatible filter element to ensure sealing and filtration effectiveness.

　　· 安裝前檢查進氣管道是否漏氣，避免未安裝濾清器直接運行機組。

　　·Before installation, check if there is any air leakage in the intake duct to avoid operating the unit directly without installing the filter.

　　· 若機組長期閑置，建議每3-6個月檢查濾芯狀態，防止濾芯受潮或老化。具體更換周期還需結合機組使用手冊及實際運行狀況調整，建議定期檢查并記錄濾芯狀態，以保障機組性能和壽命。

　　·If the unit is idle for a long time, it is recommended to check the condition of the filter element every 3-6 months to prevent moisture or aging of the filter element. The specific replacement cycle needs to be adjusted based on the unit manual and actual operating conditions. It is recommended to regularly check and record the status of the filter element to ensure the performance and service life of the unit.

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