焦爐尾氣余熱發電工藝焦爐尾氣余熱發電工藝主要包括尾氣回收及循環系統、余熱鍋爐系統、發電機及汽輪機系統三部分。尾氣回收系統主要由煙氣引導管、煙囪、煙筒遮斷閥和煙氣的流量控制閥組成，其主要功能是將帶冷機煙罩內溫度比較高的煙氣經余熱鍋爐引風機產生的額負壓引到余熱鍋爐內，同時避免鍋爐外的冷風進入鍋爐內。余熱鍋爐系統是余熱回收的核心部分，其主要功能是在余熱鍋爐受熱面上，熱量經高溫煙氣逐級傳遞到受熱面上，生成水蒸氣。發電機及汽輪機發電系統的主要作用是將蒸汽攜帶的熱量轉化為電能，最終實現將焦爐尾氣的余熱轉化為電能。其中，汽輪發電機組在運行過程中會產生大量的熱量，這些熱量可通過尾氣換熱器和熱交換器由循環冷卻液導出，循環冷卻液可通過板式換熱器加熱外供循環水，對外提供熱量。循環冷卻水在板式換熱器的進口溫度為90℃，出口溫度為70℃，通過循環冷卻水與外供循環水換熱，可以將外供水的溫度加熱到80℃以上，滿足冬季供暖和洗浴等要求。有條件的單位可以將發電機組的余熱再利用，提供生活生產用蒸汽、熱水以及帶動中央空調，通過電熱綜合利用方式，焦爐尾氣余熱的利用效率可達到70％～85％。

　　The coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation process mainly includes three parts: tail gas recovery and circulation system, waste heat boiler system, generator and turbine system. The exhaust gas recovery system mainly consists of a flue gas guide pipe, chimney, chimney shut-off valve, and a flow control valve for the flue gas. Its main function is to guide the flue gas with relatively high temperature inside the cooling hood into the waste heat boiler through the negative pressure generated by the induced draft fan of the waste heat boiler, while avoiding cold air from outside the boiler from entering the boiler. The waste heat boiler system is the core part of waste heat recovery, and its main function is to transfer heat to the heating surface of the waste heat boiler step by step through high-temperature flue gas, generating water vapor. The main function of the generator and turbine power generation system is to convert the heat carried by steam into electrical energy, ultimately achieving the conversion of waste heat from coke oven exhaust into electrical energy. Among them, the steam turbine generator unit generates a large amount of heat during operation, which can be exported from the circulating coolant through the exhaust gas heat exchanger and heat exchanger. The circulating coolant can be heated by the plate heat exchanger to provide external circulating water and heat. The inlet temperature of the circulating cooling water in the plate heat exchanger is 90 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 70 ℃. By exchanging heat with the externally supplied circulating water, the temperature of the externally supplied water can be heated to above 80 ℃, meeting the requirements of winter heating and bathing. Conditional units can reuse the waste heat from the generator set, provide steam and hot water for daily life and production, and drive central air conditioning. Through the comprehensive utilization of electric and heat, the utilization efficiency of coke oven tail gas waste heat can reach 70% to 85%.

　　焦爐尾氣余熱發電的設備選用余熱鍋爐和發電機組的選擇是焦爐尾氣余熱發電系統的關鍵設備。其中，余熱鍋爐一般選擇立式余熱鍋爐，其可以徹底解決臥式鍋爐內溫度場實際分布與鍋爐設計溫度不相符以及漏風等問題，大大提高鍋爐蒸汽產量，廢氣余熱可以得到充分利用。發電機組的選擇一般包括內燃機式發電機組、燃氣輪機發電機組以及傳統的蒸汽輪機發電機組。小型焦化企業可以采用單機容量較小的燃氣，一般用于10～20萬t以下的焦化企業；中型焦化企業的焦爐煤氣發電可選用單機容量稍大的；大型焦化企業的煤氣發電可以選用傳統鍋爐一蒸汽輪機發電機組。

　　The selection of equipment for coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation, including waste heat boilers and generator sets, is a key component of the coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation system. Among them, vertical waste heat boilers are generally selected as waste heat boilers, which can completely solve the problems of temperature distribution in horizontal boilers not matching the design temperature of the boiler and air leakage, greatly improving the steam production of the boiler and fully utilizing the waste heat of exhaust gas. The selection of generator sets generally includes internal combustion engine generator sets, gas turbine generator sets, and traditional steam turbine generator sets. Small coking enterprises can use gas with smaller unit capacity, generally used for coking enterprises with less than 100000 to 200000 tons; Medium sized coking enterprises can choose coke oven gas power generation with slightly larger unit capacity; Large coking enterprises can use traditional boiler steam turbine generator sets for gas power generation.

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