燃氣發電機組的應用比較廣泛，不同的應用場景下發電機組運行模式也有所區別。燃氣發電機組主要用于驅動壓縮機，屬于純粹的孤島運行。在天然氣熱電冷三聯供的應用方面，燃氣發電機組平時并網運行，一旦電網故障則轉換為孤島運行，為關鍵設備持續提供電力。

Gas generator sets are widely used, and their operation modes are different under different application scenarios. The gas generator set is mainly used to drive the compressor and belongs to pure island operation. In the application of natural gas cogeneration of heat, power and cooling, the gas generator unit is normally connected to the grid for operation. In case of grid failure, it will be converted to island operation to provide continuous power for key equipment.

并網運行

Grid-connected operation

并網運行定義：分布式能源系統發電機組與公共電網在用戶端并列運行，并向公共電網輸送電能的方式。

Grid-connected operation definition: the way that distributed energy system generator units and public power grid operate in parallel at the user end and transmit electric energy to the public power grid.

并網運行是為常見的運行模式，對于發電機組而言也是為簡單的運行模式。在并網運行模式下，發電機組需要通過電網狀態監測裝置，實時監測電網狀態。一旦電網發生故障，例如突然失電，監測裝置迅速給出信號，發電機組控制系統立即斷開出口斷路器，切斷與電網的聯系。在這種模式下，發電機組與電網斷開后即進入停機程序。

Grid-connected operation is a common operation mode and also a simple operation mode for generating units. In the grid-connected operation mode, the generator unit needs to monitor the power grid status in real time through the power grid status monitoring device. Once the power grid breaks down, such as sudden power loss, the monitoring device will give a signal quickly, and the generator set control system will immediately disconnect the outlet circuit breaker and cut off the connection with the power grid. In this mode, the generator unit will enter the shutdown procedure after it is disconnected from the power grid.

并網運行時，發電機組控制系統需要調節自身的參數，使其與電網參數一致方可并網，這個過程稱之為同步或者同期(synchronization)。具體來說，需要同步的參數是，相同的電壓、頻率、相序和相位。在發動機控制系統里面，可以預先設置允許的誤差范圍。

During grid-connected operation, the generator set control system needs to adjust its own parameters to make it consistent with the grid parameters before grid-connected. This process is called synchronization. Specifically, the parameters to be synchronized are the same voltage, frequency, phase sequence and phase. In the engine control system, the allowable error range can be preset.

一旦達到允許同步的條件，控制系統自動發出合閘指令，使發電機組出口斷路器合閘。如果運行在手動模式，操作員也可以手動進行同步操作。

Once the conditions for synchronization are met, the control system will automatically send a closing command to close the generator set outlet circuit breaker. If the operation is in manual mode, the operator can also perform synchronous operation manually.

在并網運行模式下，發電機組控制系統運行方式為“功率模式”。機組按照滿功率或者預先設置的功率值輸出，但是從機組的運行效率、維護保養和排放限值等因素考慮，一般要求長期持續運行的功率百分比不低于50%。

In the grid-connected operation mode, the operation mode of the generator unit control system is "power mode". The unit is output according to the full power or preset power value, but considering the operation efficiency, maintenance and emission limit of the unit, it is generally required that the percentage of power for long-term continuous operation shall not be less than 50%.

孤島運行（孤網運行）

Island operation

孤島運行定義：分布式能源系統發電機組與公共大電網完全脫開獨立運行的方式。

Definition of isolated island operation: the mode of independent operation of the distributed energy system generator set completely separated from the public power grid.

在孤島運行模式下，燃氣發電機組沒有電網的支撐，完全由自身提供負荷所需電能。發電機組的帶載性能決定了所能承載的負荷大小以及波動。ISO8528-5規定了G1-G4四個類別，分別對應不同的負荷種類和級別。發電機組廠商根據ISO8528-5的定義，給出了機組在相應的等級下大能承受的負荷情況。

In the isolated island operation mode, the gas generator unit is not supported by the power grid, and it completely provides the power required by the load by itself. The load capacity of the generator set determines the size and fluctuation of the load it can carry. ISO8528-5 specifies four categories of G1-G4, which correspond to different load types and levels. According to the definition of ISO8528-5, the generator set manufacturer gives the load that the unit can bear at the corresponding level.

在孤島運行模式下，發電機組控制系統運行方式為“速度模式”。顧名思義，這個時候發電機組控制系統主要是由速度調節器起著核心作用。負荷在波動時，發電機組管理系統迅速調節燃氣和混合氣參數以應對出力變化。需要注意的是，負荷的波動不能超過發電機組的限定值。對于電機類負荷，需要注意其直接啟動電流為額定值的若干倍。通常，對于大電機應該通過軟啟動器、星三角或者變頻器進行啟動。

In the island operation mode, the operation mode of the generator set control system is "speed mode". As the name implies, at this time, the speed regulator plays a key role in the generator set control system. When the load fluctuates, the generator unit management system quickly adjusts the gas and mixture parameters to cope with the output change. It should be noted that the load fluctuation cannot exceed the limit value of the generator set. For motor load, it is necessary to note that its direct starting current is several times of the rated value. Generally, large motors should be started by soft starter, star delta or frequency converter.

當同一段母線下有多臺發電機組并列運行時，需要進行負荷分配，包括有功功率的分配和無功功率分配。有功功率分配可以通過廠家提供的負荷分配線，或者類似的專用功能模塊實現。無功功率分配則通過給多臺發電機組的電壓調節器AVR設置相同的Droop參數實現。

When multiple generator units operate in parallel under the same section of bus, load distribution, including active power distribution and reactive power distribution, is required. Active power distribution can be realized through the load distribution line provided by the manufacturer or similar special function modules. Reactive power distribution is realized by setting the same Droop parameters for the voltage regulator AVR of multiple generator units.

并網不上網

Grid-connected and non-grid-connected

并網不上網定義：分布式能源系統發電機組與公共電網在用戶端并列運行，不向公共電網輸送電能的方式。

Definition of grid-connected and non-grid-connected: the distributed energy system generator units and the public power grid operate in parallel at the user end and do not transmit electricity to the public power grid.

由于各種原因，許多天然氣分布式能源項目無法向電網輸出電力，或者因經濟性不佳而有意不向電網輸出電力，這種即為并網不上網模式。但是發電機組仍然與電網連接，當發電機組功率比負荷小時，剩余電能由電網補充。在并網不上網模式下，一般由發電機組充當主用電源，電網作為備用電源。

Due to various reasons, many natural gas distributed energy projects are unable to output power to the grid, or intentionally do not output power to the grid due to poor economic performance. This is the grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode. However, the generator unit is still connected to the grid. When the power ratio of the generator unit is small, the remaining electric energy is supplemented by the grid. In the grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode, the generator set is generally used as the main power supply, and the grid is used as the standby power supply.

并網不上網模式是根據工廠的用電負荷來自動控制機組輸出功率。通常需要發電機組控制系統實時監測并網開關處的功率方向，防止出現“逆功率”。具體來說，當發電機組功率大于負荷時，控制系統發出指令，降低發電機組的輸出功率。當一段母線上有多臺機組時，需要同時調節所有機組的功率。

The grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode is to automatically control the output power of the unit according to the power load of the plant. Usually, the generator set control system is required to monitor the power direction at the grid-connected switch in real time to prevent "reverse power". Specifically, when the power of the generator set is greater than the load, the control system will send instructions to reduce the output power of the generator set. When there are multiple units on a section of bus, it is necessary to adjust the power of all units at the same time.

并網和孤島自動切換

Grid connection and island automatic switching

有些情況下，機組需要在并網和孤島模式間進行切換。當電網正常時，機組運行在并網模式。網電故障發生時，機組自動切換到孤島模式，機組保持持續運行不停機。這時需要注意的是，如果負荷高于發電機組的輸出功率，就需要切斷部分負荷。機組控制系統能夠根據負荷大小自動發出指令，在負荷即將超過額定功率時立即切斷部分負荷。在設，需要綜合考慮負荷的優先順序，把非關鍵負荷與關鍵負荷區別處理。

In some cases, the unit needs to switch between grid connection and island mode. When the grid is normal, the unit operates in grid connection mode. In case of grid power failure, the unit will automatically switch to island mode, and the unit will maintain continuous operation without shutdown. At this time, it should be noted that if the load is higher than the output power of the generator unit, it is necessary to cut off part of the load. The unit control system can automatically send instructions according to the load size, and cut off part of the load immediately when the load is about to exceed the rated power. In the design, the priority of load should be considered comprehensively, and non-critical load and critical load should be treated differently.

在發電機組控制系統檢測到電網恢復正常以后，能夠自動給機組發出指令，開始與電網同步的過程，并切換到并網模式。

After the generator unit control system detects that the power grid is restored to normal, it can automatically send instructions to the unit, start the process of synchronization with the power grid, and switch to the grid connection mode.

燃氣發電機組的控制模式由用戶的需求決定，在具體的控制系統功能的實現上，廠家根據機組數量，電氣連接方式，以及運行方式等配置不同的功能模塊或者控制柜。如有必要，現有的機組也可以進行改造，增減相應的配置。更多相關內容就來我們網站http://m.pyucoin.com咨詢了解！

The control mode of the gas generator unit is determined by the user's needs. In the realization of the specific control system functions, the manufacturer configures different functional modules or control cabinets according to the number of units, electrical connection mode, and operation mode. If necessary, the existing units can also be modified to increase or decrease the corresponding configuration. Come to our website for more relevant content http://m.pyucoin.com Consult and understand!